PTSD first made it's entry into the DSM-III in 1980 which nicely fits into interest in the 80s. Understanding, not so much, it's all very well saying these things, but after the vietnam war, countries had to deal with soldiers with PTSD and addictions for the 1980s, First gulf war, wars in the 1990s. I'm not really seeing the understanding of PTSD in the 1980s. The Shell shock, or war neuroses or various other names it had at other times and in other countries does go back a long way. It misses the point, in the western world most PTSD is caused by other things, not wars. I would say PTSD didn't start to gain mainstream understanding until halfway through the 2010s.
1980s wouldn't have been a bundle of fun for public awareness at all in other ways. Most of the 1980s was pre-SSRIs (and specifically pre-prozac). So yeah TCAs and MAOIs with all the side effects that go with them and hospitals and a bit of counselling would have been your options. The talk around SSRIs and serotonin although incorrect would have profoundly changed attitudes to depression. Depression had a massive stigma in the 1970s and 80s. Research looking back on it said doctors/health system was quite bad/very variable at picking up depression certainly pre-1990s. 1980s postnatal depression badly understood. Someone with OCD would have faced a massive amount of stigma for being 'odd'. Anxiety was still called 'nerves'. The 1980s neuroses was still a term used widely. Many mental health disorders it would have been believed that people could 'catch it' off other people. Community mental hospitals were still knocking around in much more urban locations (leading to quite vivid recollections). Domestic abuse would have been rife and tolerated. Things like social anxiety weren't called that it was called the superfriendly term 'social phobia'. In the 1980s in the UK and US used horrific medical procedures which carried on after that but became less common.