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a-level chemistry aqa help

1,6-Diaminohexane can also be formed in a two-stage synthesis starting from 1,4-dibromobutane.
Suggest the reagent and a condition for each stage in this alternative synthesis.
Stage 1 reagent and condition:
Stage 2 reagent and condition:

im so confused

Reply 1

Kian Stevens

The first stage is to extend the carbon chain from a length of four carbon atoms (i.e. butane) to a length of six carbon atoms (i.e. hexane)
This requires a nucleophilic substitution reaction, in which both bromine atoms are replaced by nitrile groups; using ethanolic KCN under reflux should suffice

The second stage is to convert the two nitrile groups to amine groups, by reducing them with H₂ and a catalyst (you may notice that this is hydrogenation)

(edited 4 years ago)

Reply 2

evelync12

Original post by Kian Stevens

The first stage is to extend the carbon chain from a length of four carbon atoms (i.e. butane) to a length of six carbon atoms (i.e. hexane)
This requires a nucleophilic substitution reaction, in which both bromine atoms are replaced by nitrile groups; using ethanolic KCN under reflux should suffice

The second stage is to convert the two nitrile groups to amine groups, by reducing them using H₂ and a catalyst (you may notice that this is hydrogenation)