hiya,
So to answer your first question we get both sets of chromosomes from our parents, this pair of the same type of chromosome, one from mum and one from dad is called a homologous pair. It doesn't matter if you're a male or female you get half the dna from mum, half from dad.
Regarding the second question: before meiosis the cells are diploid as you get both sets of chromosomes from mum and dad. Now after meiosis, the cells are haploid. With dna replication (interphase) the amount of dna present doubles. But the cells are still diploid- its weird i know! as what has happened is just that the same chromosomes are present but just duplicated.
Look at the image i've attached. We start off with two set of homologous chromsomes (of the same type) before interphase and after interphase they are just duplicated. They are still called chromosomes, each individual chromsome in the duplicated version is called chromatid and this attached at the centromeres.
I hope this is some help. I know this topic is a bit confusing but keep trying to understand it! Take a look at Miss Estruch on youtube, her vids
are pretty good.