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Username123455
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#1
What is the difference between electrophilic addition and nucleophilic substitution in terms of drawing the mechanism etc.
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Username123455
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#2
(Original post by Username123455)
What is the difference between electrophilic addition and nucleophilic substitution in terms of drawing the mechanism etc.
What is the difference between electrophilic addition and nucleophilic substitution in terms of drawing the mechanism etc.
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idk.lol
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#3
Hellllpppp
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#4
Electrophilic addition
Nucleophillic substitution
- Involves an alkene
- Arrow from double bond
- Arrow to the carbocation
Nucleophillic substitution
- Involves a haloalkane
- Arrow from nucleophile to carbon involved in a carbon-halogen bond
- Arrow from the carbon halogen bond to the halogen
- If ammonia is the nucleophile the a N-H bond must be broken the arrow goes towards the positive N
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Username123455
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#5
(Original post by Hellllpppp)
Electrophilic addition
Nucleophillic substitution
Electrophilic addition
- Involves an alkene
- Arrow from double bond
- Arrow to the carbocation
Nucleophillic substitution
- Involves a haloalkane
- Arrow from nucleophile to carbon involved in a carbon-halogen bond
- Arrow from the carbon halogen bond to the halogen
- If ammonia is the nucleophile the a N-H bond must be broken the arrow goes towards the positive N
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Jas.acs
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#6
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#6
(Original post by Hellllpppp)
Electrophilic addition
Nucleophillic substitution
Electrophilic addition
- Involves an alkene
- Arrow from double bond
- Arrow to the carbocation
Nucleophillic substitution
- Involves a haloalkane
- Arrow from nucleophile to carbon involved in a carbon-halogen bond
- Arrow from the carbon halogen bond to the halogen
- If ammonia is the nucleophile the a N-H bond must be broken the arrow goes towards the positive N
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Hellllpppp
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#7
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#7
(Original post by Jaz._bg)
With the partial charges for nucleophilic substitution, is the carbon more electronegative than the halogen?
With the partial charges for nucleophilic substitution, is the carbon more electronegative than the halogen?
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Jas.acs
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#8
(Original post by Hellllpppp)
The halogen is more electronegative so has a partial negative charge. The carbon has a partial positive charge so attracts the nucleophile.
The halogen is more electronegative so has a partial negative charge. The carbon has a partial positive charge so attracts the nucleophile.
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Hellllpppp
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Username123455
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terrafir
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#11
(Original post by Username123455)
What is the difference between electrophilic addition and nucleophilic substitution in terms of drawing the mechanism etc.
What is the difference between electrophilic addition and nucleophilic substitution in terms of drawing the mechanism etc.
nucleophilic substitution is when you have NH3, OH or CN replacing a halogen in a haloalkane. The curly arrows go from the nucleophile to the carbon the funtional group is on. then from that bond onto the halogen. final product is an alkane with the nucleophilic species plus the halogen which now has a lone pair and a negative charge.
electorphilic addition is only for an alkene. the curly arrow goes from the bond between the electrophilic species to the double bond. Next step has the carbons now having a single bond and one having 2 hydrogens and the first element of the electrophilic species. The second carbon had two hydrogens and then a space with a positive charge. The remaining element of the species has a negative charge. The curly arrow goes from the negative species to the carbon. Final product is an alkane of some sort and nothing else.
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Jas.acs
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#12
(Original post by Hellllpppp)
Good luck I’m sure you’ll be fine, make sure you’re well rested. Its never productive to do a all-nighter before an exam.
Good luck I’m sure you’ll be fine, make sure you’re well rested. Its never productive to do a all-nighter before an exam.
(Original post by Username123455)
Good luck, hope it went well!
Good luck, hope it went well!
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Hellllpppp
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#13
(Original post by Jaz._bg)
Thank you both so much it was super difficult so I can't say I'm expecting much but electrophilic addition came up and I can definitely say that that question went well thanks to this thread!
Thank you both so much it was super difficult so I can't say I'm expecting much but electrophilic addition came up and I can definitely say that that question went well thanks to this thread!
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Username123455
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#14
(Original post by Jaz._bg)
Thank you both so much it was super difficult so I can't say I'm expecting much but electrophilic addition came up and I can definitely say that that question went well thanks to this thread!
Thank you both so much it was super difficult so I can't say I'm expecting much but electrophilic addition came up and I can definitely say that that question went well thanks to this thread!
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Hellllpppp
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#15
(Original post by terrafir)
the curly arrow goes from the bond between the electrophilic species to the double bond.
the curly arrow goes from the bond between the electrophilic species to the double bond.
Just be careful with the directions of your arrows. They show the movement of electrons so it must go from the double bond. Not sure if you forgot to mention it but there is also an arrow from the bond in what you’ve called the “electrophilic species” to the “remaining element of the electrophilic species” which is why it has the negative charge you’ve recognised.
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Jas.acs
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#16
(Original post by Username123455)
Aw hope you done well, I'm having my chem mock soon too! Have any tips for doing well
Aw hope you done well, I'm having my chem mock soon too! Have any tips for doing well
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