As you haven't provided a link to, or any reference to, the FOI request you've read, I can't comment on the data it shows specifically, so I'll talk in general terms. Acceptances can be significantly lower than offers for a number of reasons. The main reason is that candidates can receive up to five offers but only join one university/course. So acceptances will be lower simply because candidates chose to firm elsewhere, or had Bristol as their insurance and didn't need it (because they met the grades for their firm). So, unfortunately, the acceptance rate tells you little about the likelihood of being accepted if you just miss you offer grades. (The term "accepted" refers to the university/course you ultimately join - so you accepted their offer and they accepted your grades.)
UCAS started publishing data which can sometimes be useful in the "Historical entry grades data" of each course page. The data for Philosophy and Economics at University of Bristol is available at
https://digital.ucas.com/coursedisplay/courses/3a63b144-f0b9-e46d-2b92-3da649fe4490. Unfortunately, this data isn't always as useful as we'd like. For example, when there are too few candidates with each grade profile on a particular course, they bundle the data for different courses together. That's exactly what they've done in this case. Also, they "standardise" grade profiles, so anyone with AAB, A*AC or A*A*D would be listed as AAB.
What this data shows, however, is that for 2022-2024 entry, for Philosophy and Economics and nine other philosophy courses, Bristol accepted about two thirds of offer-holders who achieved AAB (or equivalent). We can't tell whether these were below the requested grade profile (which is AAA for Philosophy and Economics this year) because we don't know what the other nine philosophy courses were, or what grade requirements they had for 2022-2024 entry. (You could guess the courses, and lookup the historical grade requirements. but it would be quite time consuming). Also, some of these would have been contextual candidates anyway.

Finally, remember that what's happened in the past is not necessarily a predictor of what will happen in the future. If too many offer-holders meet their offer grades, then there will no places left for "near miss" candidates anyway.