How do I know what atom in a bond has the lone pair and negative charge

I’m doing a few chemistry questions and I cannot weap my head around how to work this out. The question is number one on here:

https://pmt.physicsandmathstutor.com/download/Chemistry/A-level/Topic-Qs/AQA/Organic-I/3.1-Introduction-to-Organic-Chemistry/Set-I/Introduction%20to%20Organic%20Chemistry%20QP.pdf

I have the answer already but not sure how I would work out a question of the sorts.
Thank you, Any help is appreciated!

Reply 1

I’m doing a few chemistry questions and I cannot weap my head around how to work this out. The question is number one on here:
https://pmt.physicsandmathstutor.com/download/Chemistry/A-level/Topic-Qs/AQA/Organic-I/3.1-Introduction-to-Organic-Chemistry/Set-I/Introduction%20to%20Organic%20Chemistry%20QP.pdf
I have the answer already but not sure how I would work out a question of the sorts.
Thank you, Any help is appreciated!

You learnt about the cyanide ion when you first came across it with nucleophilic addition with carbonyls.
https://www.savemyexams.com/a-level/chemistry/cie/22/revision-notes/3-organic-chemistry/3-5-carbonyl-compounds/3-5-3-reaction-with-hcn/

https://www.savemyexams.com/a-level/chemistry/cie/22/revision-notes/3-organic-chemistry/3-3-halogen-compounds/3-3-2-substitution-reactions-of-halogenoalkanes/

You dont need to work it out, you just need to remember it.

To work it out, carbon forms 4 bonds. 3 with nitrogen and 1 with potassium. Carbon is more electronegative than potassium, and forms ionic bond with it. So in solution, carbon forms the anion.

(edited 10 months ago)

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