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A level further maths arc-trig

What is the maximum value of (arcsinx)(arccos(x)?
Find the answer:
a) by differentiating
b) by considering the value of arcsinx + arccosx

Can anyone help me with this?
For part a) I got the equation arcsinx = arccosx but I'm not sure how to get a value for x from that.
I'm not entirely sure how to start part b)

Reply 1

Original post
by t3rminator
What is the maximum value of (arcsinx)(arccos(x)?
Find the answer:
a) by differentiating
b) by considering the value of arcsinx + arccosx
Can anyone help me with this?
For part a) I got the equation arcsinx = arccosx but I'm not sure how to get a value for x from that.
I'm not entirely sure how to start part b)

Is it
arcsin(x) *arccos(x)
For a) it would be product rule and standard derivatives of arc trig functions. If youve done that and got to arcsin = arccos, then its pretty much write down / use the cos - sin definition/identity.
b) looks like fundamental defn/identity of cos and - sin again and am/gm inequality (binomial) approach done from scratch but it would be good to post a pic of the question and what youve done.

Reply 2

Original post
by mqb2766
Is it
arcsin(x) *arccos(x)
For a) it would be product rule and standard derivatives of arc trig functions. If youve done that and got to arcsin = arccos, then its pretty much write down / use the cos - sin definition/identity.
b) looks like fundamental defn/identity of cos and - sin again and am/gm inequality (binomial) approach done from scratch but it would be good to post a pic of the question and what youve done.


Yes it’s arcsin(x) * arccos(x). I’m not really sure what you mean exactly for either but here’s my working out for part a) so far

Reply 3

Original post
by t3rminator
q.jpgqa.jpg

Looks about right for a) as well as the sketch. Can you just reason/guess about what the value of x and hence the value of arcsin(x)*arccos(x)?
If not, the identity/definition you want is
cos(theta) = sin(pi/2 - theta)
as cos stands for COmplementary angle Sin as should be obvious if you just draw a right triangle. See if you can map that to the inverse trig functions (should be straight forward, but its worth you being "happy" about it)

Reply 4

Original post
by mqb2766
Looks about right for a) as well as the sketch. Can you just reason/guess about what the value of x and hence the value of arcsin(x)*arccos(x)?
If not, the identity/definition you want is
cos(x) = sin(pi/2 - x)
as cos stands for COmplementary angle Sin as should be obvious if you just draw a right triangle. See if you can map that to the inverse trig functions (should be straight forward, but its worth you being "happy" about it)

Would the value of x be pi/4? Do I substitute this back into the question to find the maximum value? Sorry but I'm not really sure what you mean by mapping a right triangle to the inverse trig functions 😭 is this still for part a) or part b)?

Reply 5

Original post
by t3rminator
Would the value of x be pi/4? Do I substitute this back into the question to find the maximum value? Sorry but I'm not really sure what you mean by mapping a right triangle to the inverse trig functions 😭 is this still for part a) or part b)?

Thats correct for the answer, though if youre not happy about the cos-sin thing, its worth doing the pi/4 analysis "rigorously". The identity is pretty much by defn of a right triangle so at the top of
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_triangle
cos(A) = sin(pi/2-A) = sin(B)
as both refer to base/hyp = b/c. B is the complementary angle to A.

so start with
arccos(x) = arcsin(x)
and take cos of both sides and reason about the right. Or take sin of both sides and reason about the left. The complementary part should become clear and how you get pi/4 or 1/sqrt(2)

Reply 6

Original post
by mqb2766
Thats correct for the answer, though if youre not happy about the cos-sin thing, its worth doing the pi/4 analysis "rigorously". The identity is pretty much by defn of a right triangle so at the top of
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_triangle
cos(A) = sin(pi/2-A) = sin(B)
as both refer to base/hyp = b/c. B is the complementary angle to A.
so start with
arccos(x) = arcsin(x)
and take cos of both sides and reason about the right. Or take sin of both sides and reason about the left. The complementary part should become clear and how you get pi/4 or 1/sqrt(2)

Ohh yes I understand that part thank you so much!! Do you have any ideas of how I could start part b)?

Reply 7

Original post
by t3rminator
Ohh yes I understand that part thank you so much!! Do you have any ideas of how I could start part b)?

Wbf, make sure you write out the last part of a) clearly. Its easy to mess up whats an angle and whats a side ratio etc.

For b), they dont want you to go down a calculus route (as thats part a) and the hint is to consider the addition of arctrig terms when you want to maximise the product. So first id work out the value of
arcsin(x) + arccos(x)
using the same identity, then the obvious way to go is to approach it as an am-gm (arithmetic mean - geometric mean inequality) but Id probably have expected a bit of a hint about this. But assuming thats what they want you to do, think about squaring the addition arctrig expression, and how that relates to what you want then think about how to get rid of the square terms. Its basically rederiving the am-gm inequality (not hard) so look that up for a bit of inspiration. Its verging on beyond a level.

Reply 8

Original post
by t3rminator
qaa.jpg
This is what I've done so far for part b) but I'm still not sure about how to get rid of the arcsin^2(x) and arccos^2(x)

Not convinced by your part a) reasoning as x appears to be both an angle and a side ratio, youd probably need to be clearer. For a final ans, Id expect they want you to leave it in terms of pi, whereever the question comes from

For b) did you have a quick read/google of the am-gm inequality proof? That tells you how to get rid of the square arctrig terms. Also did you type
arcsin(x)+arccos(x)
into your calc to see what it gives. It should be pretty much a write down if you understand the part a) stuff.

Reply 9

Original post
by t3rminator
qaa.jpg
This is what I've done so far for part b) but I'm still not sure about how to get rid of the arcsin^2(x) and arccos^2(x)

After a bit of thought (always helps), another way to do part b) would be once you have the result for
arcsin + arccos
would be to write one in terms of the other and simply sub back into the original expression to maximise. That will give the result.

Doing am-gm is overkill for the question, and I thought that originally but got sidetracked by it. Its a valid way but more complex than the question needs..
(edited 1 year ago)

Reply 10

Original post
by mqb2766
After a bit of thought (always helps), another way to do part b) would be once you have the result for
arcsin + arccos
would be to write one in terms of the other and simply sub back into the original expression to maximise. That will give the result.
Doing am-gm is overkill for the question, and I thought that originally but got sidetracked by it. Its a valid way but more complex than the question needs..

Thank you!!

Reply 11

Original post
by t3rminator
What is the maximum value of (arcsinx)(arccos(x)?
Find the answer:
a) by differentiating
b) by considering the value of arcsinx + arccosx
Can anyone help me with this?
For part a) I got the equation arcsinx = arccosx but I'm not sure how to get a value for x from that.
I'm not entirely sure how to start part b)
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