Royal Navy/ RAF roles

Good morning. I will try and answer your questions, but these will be more from an RAF perspective rather than the Navy.
1. Would you work on aircraft carriers at any time in any of the Royal Navy engineering jobs, as it seems like a cool thing to do.
Both Navy and RAF aircraft engineers can work on aircraft carriers (luckily I didn't as I don't like being on the sea!), if they are employed on an aircraft that operates from that platform. Examples would be the F-35 and some helicopters.
2. What is the difference between Air engineering technician and Air engineering officer, I can't really find any.
There is a distinct difference between an Engineering Officer and the Technician roles. Although an Officer will undertake on aircraft training during their training course, they will not be doing any hands on engineering once they finish training. Their role then is to manage the engineering function, so lots of people management and taking advice from the technicians, who will be the ones performing any maintenance work.
3. What is day to day life in any of these jobs?
It's some time since I was on a Sqn, but a typical day would be to come in and see if any work was outstanding from the night shift. Tasks would be allocated by a senior engineer (e.g. a Sergeant). You may also be working on a flight line, getting the aircraft ready for flight, acting as ground crew for start up and marshalling the aircraft. You could also be servicing the aircraft when it returns and refuelling. The job can be very varied, as there are lots of different aircraft systems, so lots of issues can arise.
4. What type of aircraft do you work on, and could you change throughout the career?
You could be employed on any aircraft type currently in operation in the RAF (or Navy). Although you can state your preference when finishing your trade training, it does depend on where they need people. Once you get allocated to an aircraft type, you will undergo further specialist training on that aircraft's systems. It obviously takes some time to build up the knowledge and experience on an aircraft, so one qualified the RAF likes to keep you on that type where possible. However, there is nothing stopping you requesting a change. Often after Phase 1 training you will be employed on one aircraft type, and this changes after Phase 2 training.
5. How often would you travel?
This really depends on where you are based, the aircraft type you are working on, and the role of your Sqn. It also depends on what is happening in the World! There are always opportunities to travel on expeditions if you want to (such as skiing, diving and other sporting events).
6. Do you do anything else in the job other than work on aircraft?
Not all engineers are employed directly with aircraft maintenance. They may be providing in-depth repair of units in a second line maintenance environment. I also undertook roles in training, project management, IT and software maintenance. The military also get involved in support of wider issues across the country, such as assisting with flooding, providing support during strike action with things like Border Control and emergency services - all opportunities you are unlikely to experience in any other industry.
7.What kind of GCSE's would you have to take for these (other than Maths and Science)
Maths, English and Science are the key ones. Have a look on the RAF and Navy recruiting sites as they will provide more details of qualifications.
I found the RAF a great career and gave me many opportunities. It is something that I would recommend to anyone.