How is social responsibility presented in A Christmas Carol? (30)
A Christmas carol is arguably a product of its time, with a startling divide between the rich and the poor, Dickens employs ideas of social responsibility to convey how a lack or gain of social consciousness can lead to either doom or harmony within society.
Dickens utilises Scrooge's metamorphosis as a vehicle to demonstrate the potential for the Victorian upper class to abandon their mercenary ways. Initially Scrooge is described as “a squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping,clutching covetous old sinner ”. The intrusive narrator delivers an explicit judgement on Scrooge's character to criticise the upper class, making their intense callous nature unmistakeable. The asyndetic lists emphasises the extreme lengths Scrooge will endure to hoard his wealth , suggesting that he is enslaved by his greed and oblivious to the suffering of the poor. Scrooge's refusal to consider the consequences of his actions reflects the upper class's iron grip on society by restricting the development of impoverished communities through pressure and exploitation in the workplace. The noun phrase “covetous old sinner” intensifies Scrooge's insatiable yearn to extract the finances of the poor. Blinded by his love for money, Scrooge's greed directly opposes the christian principle of charity which was central to Victorian morality. Dickens aligns him with spiritual corruption, warning readers that unchecked materialism distances one from both faith and humanity.
On the contrary Dickens uses the Fezziwig family as a model for social responsibility. .The Fezziwig family use their authority to treat their workers with kindness and respect:”shaking hands with every person individually”. The Fezziwigs are the personification of social consciousness valuing personal connections over financial status. By embodying character over wealth they humanize their employees, bridging the gap between the wealthy and the disadvantaged.The Fezziwigs serve to show that not all members of the upper class are inherently cruel, but rather, those whose mindsets align with Scrooges are deserving of critique.Dickens suggests that the wealthy have the power to be both philanthropic and generous by treating everyone humanely regardless of their social rank.
As the novel progresses, Scrooge undergoes a profound transformation. He hopes “to be a better man from what I [he] was before”. He has had an epiphany, realising that he must reject the sin of avarice and fulfill his christian duties, as he was a vessel for the devil, defying biblical teachings and committing several of the 7 deadly sins, such as pride and greed. Now undergoing a journey of spiritual enlightenment he has felt convicted to utilise his privileges as a helping hand for the disadvantaged: “i will raise your salary”. He has shapeshifted from his depraved parsimonious nature and polarised into a more sanguine and benevolent persona. Dickens utilises scrooge's anagnorisis from the antagonist to an ally to elicit that there is hope for everyone to transition into an understanding and socially responsible person.
Ultimately, Dickens makes it clear that social responsibility is an essential component of society and should be practiced for the wider benefit of all those in the community.
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