LOL I've acc barely revised for my mocks so I'm like cooked but it's okay. Also if anyone have any advice for part a) for An Inspector's calls it would be very appreciated.
Paper 1 - June 2022
https://pmt.physicsandmathstutor.com/download/English-Literature/GCSE/Past-Papers/OCR/Component-1/June%202022%20MS%20-%20Component%201%20(12)%20OCR%20English%20Literature%20GCSE.pdfExplore how Stevenson presents an incident that is shocking, in this extract and elsewhere in the novel.
In this extract, Dr Lanyon tells of how he watched Hyde transform into Dr Jekyll.
He put the glass to his lips, and drank at one gulp. A cry followed; he reeled, staggered, clutched at the table and held on, staring with injected eyes, gasping with open mouth; and as I looked, there came, I thought, a change — he seemed to swell — his face became suddenly black, and the features seemed to melt and alter — and the next moment I had 5 sprung to my feet and leaped back against the wall, my arms raised to shield me from that prodigy, my mind submerged in terror.
'O God!' I screamed, and 'O God!' again and again; for there before my eyes — pale and shaken, and half fainting, and groping before him with his hands, like a man restored from death — there stood Henry Jekyll!
10 What he told me in the next hour I cannot bring my mind to set on paper. I saw what I saw, I heard what I heard, and my soul sickened at it; and yet now when that sight has faded from my eyes I ask myself if I believe it, and I cannot answer. My life is shaken to its roots; sleep has left me; the deadliest terror sits by me at all hours of the day and night; I feel that my days are numbered, and that I must die; and yet I shall die incredulous.
My Essay
In the Victorian Christian morality novella Stevenson presents various incidents that are shocking mainly through Jekyll and his alter ego Hyde. Throughout the novella he uses violence to create shock within the audience this showcases the theme of duality and repression in the novella, as these spurts of violence have seemingly come to fruition as a result of the expectations that Victorian society holds of Upper-Class individuals like Henry Jekyll. Perhaps Stevenson is alluding to the fact that society is too constrictive for upper-class men causing them to repress their desires and act on it through callous acts such as assault and violence or perhaps murder even. This shows Stevenson’s careful critique of Victorian society at large.
In the extract which is near the end of the novella, Dr Jekyll consumes some powder in order to metamorphose into Hyde to show Lanyon his ‘modern’ science, which he criticized earlier in the novella calling them his ‘scientific heresies’. One instance that is shocking in this extract is Lanyon’s reaction to Jekyll consuming the powders in order to turn into Hyde ‘O God!' I screamed …O God!' again and again’. This sentence is exclamative, suggesting that Lanyon is completely in awe and surprise at what is happening to Jekyll. The use of the phrase ‘O God’ suggests that Lanyon is horrified as he uses the religious language of ‘God’ to perhaps express reconcile at the in-human and unnatural transformation he is seeing, it almost seems as though Lanyon is attempting to ask for forgiveness for merely looking at something that transgresses nature itself, this suggests that what Jekyll is partaking in is beyond the boundaries of acceptable scientific experimentation. This links to the Knowledge of Good and Evil. Just as Adam and Eve satisfied their curiosity by eating from the Tree, Jekyll does the same by transforming into Hyde in order to quell his thirst and desire for violence, however this led to Adam and Eve’s eventual downfall as they are banished from the Garden of Eden, and forced to accept mortality, just in the same way as Jekyll tests the bounds of nature he too will eventually have to pay the price for testing the boundaries of acceptable science, this foreshadows his eventual own downfall in the novella. The use of the verb ‘screamed’ suggests that Lanyon is in complete distress to the point of inconsolability, Steveson utilises powerful visual and auditory imagery so the reader can image Lanyon screaming, this creates an ominous, foreboding atmosphere as Jekyll’s transformation into Hyde is taking place allowing the reader to anticipate that something shocking will happen next. Furthermore in this extract Jekyll after his transformation has taken place is described as using the simile ‘Like a man restored from death’. This quote links to the theme of repression, perhaps this simile suggests that when Jekyll is able to personify his evil as Hyde he lets go of societal constraints and is thus able to be ‘restored’ from his hunger for evil and violence. Furthermore the verb ‘restored’ could perhaps be a biblical allusion to the idea of Jesus restoring God’s creation by dying on the cross, perhaps this implies that Jekyll cannot properly function in society without using Hyde as an outlet for violence. Contextually this links to Christianity as during the Victorian Era Britain was mainly a protestant society.
Stevesnon also presents another incident that is shocking in the Sir Danvers Carew murder case. This is because of the sheer brutality that Hyde extracts on an innocent bystander whilst murdering him. This can be seen in the line ‘his bones were audibly shattered’. This quote uses auditory imagery to allow the reader to envision Sir Danvers Carew’s violent and undeserved murder. The use of the noun ‘bones’ allows the reader to imagine the image of a bone being broken violently and grotesquely. Furthermore the use of the adverb ‘audibly’ creates sensory imagery as it allows the reader to imagine the grating sound of bones being broken, it also shows them the sheer violence of Hyde’s murder of Carew, as even the sounds of his death could be heard. Furthermore the use of the verb ‘shattered’ perhaps could suggest that Sir Danvers Carew was fragile, like glass as this verb suggests, it hints at the disproportionate violence that Hyde chose to use when carrying out the murder. This highlights his atavistic and amoral behaviour. Furthermore Stevenson uses the quote ‘A hail of blows’ to describe the murder of Sir Danvers Carew. The adjective ‘hail’ implies that the frequency of Hyde’s hits were not only high, but also very violent in nature. Furthermore the use of the verb ‘blows’ allows the reader to imagine Carew being hit continuously in a long sweeping motion without Hyde ever stopping, this furthermore highlights Hyde’s violent and amoral behaviour. These actions link to key themes that run throughout the novel, particularly violence and repression. The sheer scale and harshness of Hyde’s murder of Carew imply that Jekyll feels the need to exert this much force in order to relieve his insatiable evil desires. It suggests that Jekyll lives in a constricting society that does not allow him full autonomy over his own person as if this was the case he would live freely without using his alter ego to relieve his desires. It also illuminates the idea that living in a constraining society perhaps almost predisposes you to violent acts as there is no place in society for you to express your feelings, making violence the only choice. Contextually this links to crime in Victorian London. During this time there were many infamous murders which took place. A famous criminal of that time period was Jack the Ripper who would target women and was believed to be an upper-class gentleman. This showcases the idea that a strict society can create people with perverse characters and immoral desires as they aren’t free to express them normally due to the strict requirement to adhere to the standard of the ‘Victorian Gentleman’.
Finally another incident in the novella which is presented as particularly shocking is Hyde’s attack on a young child, which is undeserving and quite shocking as it was a disproportionate response to the young child bumping into him, this moment evokes a particularly zoomorphic description of Hyde from Enfield, which are equally shocking, as his appearance is described as uncanny and atypical. A quote which shows Hyde’s violence exerted on the young girl is ‘Trampled calmly over the child’s body’. This quote portrays Hyde’s violence as casual to him, as he has no ease in carrying it out as seen in the adverb ‘calmly’ which has connotations of relaxation, this is juxtaposed with the harsh verb used of ‘trampled’ which implies that Hyde used a large amount of force on the child. Furthermore the use of the noun ‘child’ could evoke feelings of anger in the audience as typically people see children as fragile and innocent, however despite the fact that his victim is a child he doesn’t hold back in partaking in violence. Furthermore the noun ‘body’ evokes grotesque imagery of a body lying helplessly on the floor, this only hyperbolises Hyde’s use of violence more. The noun ‘body’ could have connotations of death. Hyde is also described as having an ‘ape-like fury’ the use of the hyphenated simile ‘ape-like’ gives Hyde a zoomorphic description and implies that he is like an animal unable to control his desire over things. Contextually this links to Darwin’s theory of evolution and his book ‘ On the Origin of the Species’ published in 1856. It suggests that Hyde is primal, and links to the idea of devolution, the idea that humans can regress into a less evolved, more primitive state. Furthermore the use of the adjective ‘fury’ suggests that Hyde has a large amount of anger that is only able to be expressed through the most violent of ways like an animal. This also links to the theme of duality, the idea that people are both good and evil. This is because Jekyll fully contrasts this image and is presented as polite and well meaning. As said by Jekyll both sides are ‘truly’ him suggesting that they are inseparable and a part of every person.
In conclusion Stevenson presents