I have just come across this experiemtn and i have no idea how it works its afhids feeding on a plant stem and leaving honeydew which is meant to show the speed of transport in the ploem
phloem is where the aphids feed from. Basically you let an aphid or a bunch of aphids feed on the plant then you brush them off, snapping them at the proboscis (beaky nose thing). This leaves a nice little tube into the phloem, a bit like a straw. Movement in the phloem means the fluid moved also comes out of the remaining proboscis.
Not my syllabus but just had a look in my text book which covers biology up to about 2ndyr of degree level. It is possible to attach mini pressure gaugues to the stylets and get a reading in pascals. I dont see why you couldn't inject a dye at a known distance from a stylet and measure the time it takes to move that distance. Interestingly, you let the aphid attach to the plant stem and anaethetise it with CO2. Poor sods.