Let's say there was a movement in Tibet for (or rather 'to restore') independence, which was supported by 95%+ of Tibetans. To prevent that happening, the Chinese government shipped alot of anti-independence non-Tibetan people into the country, stole Tibetan land, forced Tibetans into one corner and gave the cleared land to the non-Tibetans as a reward for their moving. Say the Chinese government then held Tibet by force of arms for (say) two or three centuries, incorporating 'Tibetan' representation into their own Chinese government in Bejing.
As the trend towards nation states grows in the modern world, Tibetans want their independence back, and 80% of Tibet support that. The 20% of 'imported' Chinese oppose it as they fear that Tibetan culture etc will be too dominant. The Chinese government in Bejing take repeated votes on the matter of Tibetan Home Rule, but naturally it is defeated.
Eventually, after (say) a century of armed rebellion, the Chinese realise the impossibility of maintaining such difficult terrain against (the by now) well-armed insurgents supported in their cause by almost all other countries around the world. They negotiate a settlement which hives off a quarter of Tibet and gives it to the Chinese settlers, who flock to that quarter and make a 55% majority within it. 80% of all people in Tibet oppose this arrangement.
The Chinese then organise a vote in the 'Chinese quarter' and (naturally) find that the majority therein favour separation from the rest of Tibet (i.e of 'remaining' part of China). The Bejing government impose economic sanctions and threaten 'total' war say unless the partition is accepted.
The partition is accepted, perforce, but residual problems remain, which are exacerbated by discrimination against the Tibetan minority (45%) in the 'Chinese province' [e.g. Tibetans are herded into enclaves so that they only have 10% of seats in the provincial 'parliament' - set up by Bejing so that the Chinese in Tibet can keep exclusive control of their province; e.g. you must own your house before you can vote, and Tibetans are kept in such an economic state that they mostly don't own their houses; e.g. Landlords own the votes of all who live in their rented accommodation].
Eventually - surprise - rebellion returns.
What's the long term solution, do you think? [c.f. Vietnam, South Africa, etc]. Some thoughts:
(i) Common / modern decency demands that this kind of 'historical' problem is resolved WITHOUT violence, no matter what the injustices of the old situation. The world has moved on from military rebellion.
(ii) The Chinese who remain in Tibet should accept that it's not China; the Tibetans must recognise that not everyone in Tibet is Tibetan.
(iii) Where are the Tibetan Chinese to go after centuries in Tibet? There must be a federal kind of accommodation.
(iv) There are good people everywhere, in all cultures and creeds. It only takes a critical mass of them to come together to solve the problem, supported by a strong ethically-driven government in Bejing. Happily, one day, this comes to pass under two successive Chinese leaders (of opposing political persuasion).
Only hard-line fascist rumps remain in Tibet; some on both sides.