So yes, chemistry is generally needed for continuing to bioscience degrees (except some much more oriented towards ecology and conservation topics). Chemistry underpins all of modern molecular biology which in turn underpins most other areas of modern biology. That said, you won't need to do a great deal of chemistry directly in the degree, but would be expected to have a qualitative understanding of it up to A-level standard for the most part. Ultimately to be a good biologist, you need to have at least some understanding of chemistry (beyond GCSE), is the impression I get. Thus HL Chemistry would be advisable.
HL Maths is probably overkill for most bioscience degrees except in e.g. biochemistry or something where there's more quantitative elements. However it is absolutely necessary for economics at degree level, as that area will presuppose most of the topics from HL Maths and thus require it (and even if you apply to one of the economics degrees not requiring HL Maths or equivalent, you will then take modules in that same content during the degree - except instead of being in a class of 10-30 at worst, you'll be in a lecture theatre of 200 others, and probably with fewer contact hours). So if you wanted to do an economics degree, I would recommend doing HL Maths. Also note economics is not required at any level to go onto an economics degree. The only required subject, if any, is maths. Thus you could well take geography rather than economics.
Note though economics has no real bearing on "business" as a professional area - there isn't really a job just called "business" anyway, but the related jobs (in e.g. HR, management, accounting, marketing, sales, etc) don't really benefit much from more than just a passing understanding of economics. Certainly the in depth economic theory done in an economics degree will be largely irrelevant. There is no direct link between an economics degree and working in "business" in general, beyond the general factor that a lot of people doing such a degree end up working in the latter roles (quite possibly because actual roles working as an economist are not that common and many would expect a PhD minimally anyway).
The only other thing to note is that you will have more than enough on your plate doing IB than to have time to do an extra A-level or AS level, and especially not in a creative arts course like photography, as they are notorious subjects for having very high workloads. That said, if you did do IB Visual Arts (which I probably wouldn't recommend for your goals as you really would need to do a second science), you can specialise in photography if your school has appropriate facilities, as you wish. It's also certainly something you can explore independently of the IB, and may be incorporated as part of your CAS activities anyway (it would certainly fall under "creativity" I should think...).