Discussions on HPLC (Learning and Practical Purposes)

I am actually having a project in university on protein and is now required to use HPLC reversed-phase chromatography. My mentor did not really explain what was HPLC clearly to me and as I had not have any experience in either hadling this machine and also learning it in class, I think it would be good to learn it in a discussion to make sure I get all the concepts correct from what I read.

Other than that, welcome to discuss about other chromatography techniques here so as we can compare each and every pros and cons in order to understand better.