I assume that you are familiar with the principle of moment. If not, please state so.
(i) The distance AC is found by using trigonometry ratio and right angle triangle.
Triangle ADC is a right angled triangle. AD is equal to 4.0 m.
Using
tan30∘=ADAC=4.0AC You would get AC as 2.31 m.
(ii) The tension is found by using the principle of moment at point B. Why at point B? Because we don’t know the force at point B. So when we take the pivot at B, we can ignore the turning effect of the force at B.
To find the perpendicular distance from B to the wire, we use the right-angled triangle CBE as shown in the diagram above and sin ratio.
sin60∘=CBCE=BA+ACCE=2.0+2.31CE This would give CE as 3.73 m.
Apply principle of moment about B,
sum of anticlockwise moment of forces = sum of clockwise moment of forces
tension × CE = weight × 2.0
The tension can be calculated from the above equation as 268 N.
If you have any doubt about the explanation, let me know first before I explain the (iii) and (iv).