My understanding is that vector diagrams are any diagram with two components/or more with a resultant, this can be anything and everything. It also generally looks like a triangle, where you are given two sides, or a side an an angle. A free body diagram is only for forces. It shows the direction and magnitude of the forces (bigger the arrow the more). It is essentially a vector diagram just looks a little different although it can be drawn into a vector diagram). It usually looks like a stick man, or a star of lines (really bad description). But again you can treat it as a vector diagram just with forces.