Is it correct to say that acceleration at the equator = net acceleration at poles - acceleration due to centripetal force from rotation?
"acceleration due to centripetal force from rotation" doesn't really make sense, and there are issues with your sign. To be absolutely correct, you'd have to factor-in the distance from the sun, which depends upon the time of day at the equator.
The acceleration at the equator is (near enough) the acceleration at the poles (ignoring the distance from the sun difference), PLUS the acceleration due to exercising circular motion.