The Biology AS-level Thread

No, no, no. That's how kidneys work!

Would anyone be so kind in giving me a general structure for a biology essay. I have them to write on Mass Transport in Animals and The Effect of Lifestyle on the heart/Biological basis of heart disease and I literally have no idea where to start with it, I know the knowledge but I don't know how to set it out or anything!


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I'm struggling to make sense of cohesion and tension, can someone help me out?

I understand cohesion (water molecules moving in a bulk due to the property of water to firm hydrogen bonding) but what EXACTLY is pressure?

my book keeps stating that transpiration leads to a negative pressure in the xylem which causes tension

Doesn't transportation increase the pressure in the xylem as a result of pressure created by root pressure? And what exactly do they mean by "tension"? The establishment of a water potential gradient?

I'm struggling to make sense of cohesion and tension, can someone help me out?

I understand cohesion (water molecules moving in a bulk due to the property of water to firm hydrogen bonding) but what EXACTLY is pressure?

my book keeps stating that transpiration leads to a negative pressure in the xylem which causes tension

Doesn't transportation increase the pressure in the xylem as a result of pressure created by root pressure? And what exactly do they mean by "tension"? The establishment of a water potential gradient?

I'm struggling to make sense of cohesion and tension, can someone help me out?

I understand cohesion (water molecules moving in a bulk due to the property of water to firm hydrogen bonding) but what EXACTLY is pressure?

my book keeps stating that transpiration leads to a negative pressure in the xylem which causes tension

Doesn't transportation increase the pressure in the xylem as a result of pressure created by root pressure? And what exactly do they mean by "tension"? The establishment of a water potential gradient?

I dont get how the EMPA is structured for Bio seen as we havent done a practise one in class yet:

For chemistry you dont usually get questions, you have to draw a table in task 1 & 2 and a graph sometimes

For physics you have to answer questions aswell as draw a table/graph sometimes

How does it work for Bio?

Oh dear,,,, your teacher seems to know sth...

I dont get how the is structured for Bio seen as we havent done a practise one in class yet:

For chemistry you dont usually get questions, you have to draw a table in task 1 & 2 and a graph sometimes

For physics you have to answer questions aswell as draw a table/graph sometimes

How does it work for Bio?

have you done the physics one??

The first task consist of HSW questions and some applications of the biology knowledge based on the main topic given by the AQA.
In the second task you do a table and a graph.

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Nah not yet



Thanks & unfrotunately cant rep you

when r u doing it

Task 1, 24th April

What about you?

Would anyone be so kind in giving me a general structure for a biology essay. I have them to write on Mass Transport in Animals and The Effect of Lifestyle on the heart/Biological basis of heart disease and I literally have no idea where to start with it, I know the knowledge but I don't know how to set it out or anything!

I'm just a little confused about homologous chromosomes. In reference to 1 X shape that a chromosome makes, is this what we call a homologous pair? Or is it two of the X shapes that make a homologous pair.

Because when we look at meiosis, we see that it is two chromatids, one paternal and one maternal, that make up a chromosome

Two X shapes make up a homologous pair.

Within each X shape, the two chromatids are identical copies of eachother.