Original post by AlexanderHamIt seems like you're about ten years behind the times.
In '06, Israel had no operational anti-missile system designed to intercept short-range rockets. Back then they had two systems; PAC-3, which intercepts medium-range rockets like Scud that fly high trajectories above the atmosphere, and they had the experimental Arrow system which, in theory, could intercept intermediate range ballistic missiles fired from thousands of miles away. Both those missiles have detaching warheads that intercept those missiles during the portion of their flight in space, above the atmosphere, and both are pretty expensive per missile.
Iron Dome is a missile system designed to intercept very short-range rockets of the sort fired by Hamas and Hezbollah (with a range of a few tens of kilometers, or maybe over 100 kilometers). The Iron Dome missile is mechanically quite simple, and only costs $40,000 per round (compared to $3 million for a PAC-3 missile).
Compare 2006 when 44 Israeli civilians were killed and over 1300 wounded by Hezbollah rockets, with 2014 when Iron Dome carried out over 1200 intercepts, and there were only six Israeli civilians killed and 87 wounded. It makes no sense to use a $3 million missile to intercept a rocket that only cost Hamas $5,000 to build. But using a $40,000 missile to intercept a $5,000 Hamas rocket, when Israel has over 50 times the GDP of Gaza? That's an acceptable exchange ratio.
It's like when people whine about the US using a $40,000 guided bomb to destroy a $15,000 truck with three ISIS fighters in it. It's a laughably simplistic notion given the US can afford to spend far more than ISIS can, and given sending in ground troops to destroy that $15,000 truck, and taking the risk of having your own soldiers killed, would be even more costly.
Israel can do 1250 Iron Dome intercepts for around $50 million. And the US Congress has sent direct financial aid to pay for Iron Dome rockets, so there's no question Israel can afford what it costs to intercept Hamas and Hezbollah rockets en masse.
So, back in 2006, Israel just had PAC-3 and an experimental Arrow 2.
Israel now has a multi-layered air defence system with numerous types of missiles. There is Iron Dome to intercept short-range rockets, Barak 8 which is an anti-aircraft missile, Stunner (Dolphin) which is a medium-range air defence and anti-missile, PAC-3 for medium range ballistic missiles and now Arrow 2 and Arrow 3 are operational to intercept intermediate and intercontinental-range ballistic missiles.
Finally, Iron Beam is a new component into this layered, interconnected air defence system which uses lasers to shoot missiles out of the sky. And given laser shots can cost as little as a dollar (you're not expending any expensive missile components, rockets), the advantage goes even more to the Israeli side.
Hezbollah would struggle to harm Israel using rockets in any future war, just as Hamas struggled to land a hit on Israel with rockets in 2014 and has had to turn to the system of attack tunnels.
I would say that if you're going to comment on this issue it behooves you to stay up to date with it. The long and short of this is that Israel has less security justification for holding onto territory, using the justification of strategic depth, with these systems operational.
Anyway, I end with a Bloomberg story about how Iron Dome works
[video="youtube;b4a_ie0J0hU"]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b4a_ie0J0hU[/video]