jazwalkerI meant doing them, as I'm presently preparing, same as everyone else (you seem to be doing a wonderful job of procuring controversial quotes for BMAT).
I've got essays for this week's and last week's, which was a little more challenging (after all, how can you argue that contraceptives don't destroy the potential of life? that's what they're sposed to do!)
this week's:
This statement implies that the role of a patient, in making their own decisions as to treatment, plays a small part in the overall well-being of that patient. This was a commonly held view of the 1900s and disregarded a patient’s right to autonomy, as well as giving patients little control over their future.
Primarily, the importance of a strong working relationship between physician and patient, is that a physician is working to increase the patient’s quality of life. This is the reason that informed consent is always required in Medicine – physicians are liable to act against the patient’s best interests, especially in the interests of science, or of utilitarianism. This active co-operation ensures not only a transparency and increased trust between patient and doctor, but also decreases the chance of an abuse of trust.
Secondly, each case being individual and people’s ethics being different, patients’ feelings towards different treatments may vary greatly, making two seemingly identical cases have different ‘best options’. For example, in the case of a terminal cancer, some people may choose to aggressively treat the cancer, to procure a few extra months, whereas another may prefer to die peacefully and at home. Especially concerning extraordinary care and treatments with risk factors attached, different people have widely varying opinions.
However, a conflict arises where a patient is not considered suitable to provide informed consent, or to understand the different options. For example, children may be deemed too young to understand the possibilities, or even conceptualise death. Mentally disabled people may again be considered incapable of making a sound judgement, especially in cases of schizophrenia or severe depression. Then, it is important that the decisions made for them are made by an independent person, especially if the treatment decided upon, may potentially not be in the patient’s benefit(e.g. a treatment with high risk). In this way, we may try to procure a decision as close as possible to being in line with the patient’s best interests, which is the crux of contemporary medical treatment.
Last week's:
Pope Paul is suggesting that, by preventing conception, contraception is not tantamount to homicide, but carries the same inherent sin, in preventing procreation. As life is considered to start at conception, this stance implies that contraception is wrong for different reasons as post-conception issues such as abortion, but still contravenes the right to life, of the potential fetus.
Although it is undeniable that contraception prevents lives from beginning, the implication that this is wrong, must be carefully studied, as it places the right to life of a conceptual human, before the rights of the parents, in particular the mother, to their own life-choices and also to protection from STIs.
Further, in implying that procreation is a deontological virtue, Pope Paul VI is condemning not only ‘scientific’ methods such as contraception and abortion, but also abstinence. If indeed, lack of procreation is a sin, it seems that the celibacy practiced by priests is somewhat counterproductive.
Then, the only objection that it seems the Church has to contraception, is that it allows ‘irresponsible’ intercourse and promiscuity. Considering that the consequences of unwanted births are most heavily visited upon by the newborn, this seems an unethical approach to punishment and and disregards the duality of Christianity, in that sins are punished on a metaphysical plane.
Then, contraception is a great step for not only health as regards STI, but also towards choice and family planning – although there are issues regarding efficacy and side-effects (for example, breast cancer with an oestragen pill). However, the great range of contraceptive methods allows that appropriate contraception is available for anyone who wants it. Indeed, the Scandinavian countries have made it policy to establish oral contraception in teenage girls, which has played an important part in decreasing the number of teen pregnancies and therefore allowing a higher standard of family planning.
Any advice would be greatly appreciated.