1. What was the interaction between NO3- and H2O? 2. What happens to the hydrated salt when heated gently, then more strongly? 3. What happens to the enthalpy change when HCl is changed to HNO3 and why? 4. Why does entropy increase in equilibrium II? 5. What concentration of the CH3NH2 was needed to drop the concentration of Cd2+ to a factor of a thousand? 6. Did anyone say CH3CH2COOH is more acidic than CH3COOH (or less acidic, I forgot) or did people just say they had the same acidity? 7. Equations for an alkaline buffer?
What did you answer for these? Anyone got any other hard questions?
Here's what I answered: 1. Hydrogen bonding 2. Water vapour given off, then brown NO2 gas is given off 3. Forgot what I answered 4. No idea 5. I got 0.0115 (probably wrong) 6. CH3COOH more acidic due to less number of alkyl groups 7. CH3NH2 + HCl ---> CH3NH3Cl CH3NH3Cl + NaOH --> Ch3NH2 + NaCl + H2O
1. What was the interaction between NO3- and H2O? 2. What happens to the hydrated salt when heated gently, then more strongly? 3. What happens to the enthalpy change when HCl is changed to HNO3 and why? 4. Why does entropy increase in equilibrium II? 5. What concentration of the CH3NH2 was needed to drop the concentration of Cd2+ to a factor of a thousand? 6. Did anyone say CH3CH2COOH is more acidic than CH3COOH (or less acidic, I forgot) or did people just say they had the same acidity? 7. Equations for an alkaline buffer?
What did you answer for these? Anyone got any other hard questions?
Here's what I did :O
1. Hydrogen bonding 2. It releases the water ligand h20 so moisture is released. Then releases NO2 gas and O2, from the Mg(No3)2 remaining. Brown gas seen. and also test with the glowing splinter. 3. What de **** was that LOL. I think it has something to do w lattice energy. 4. The number of molecules of (aq) decreases in both eqI and eqII, but it decreases less in eqII. So entropy decreases less in eq II 5. K stab= [A]/ [C]^4 Divide [A] by 1000. so, is also divided by a 1000 since their stoichiometry is 1.1. [C]^4 is left as unknown and gained by using Kstab eq with Kstab value. 6. I said it was the same...I dont know why lol..something to do with both having no Cl atoms but almost same C chain length? 7. R-NH2 + H+ --> R-NH3+ R-NH3+ OH- ---> R-NH2 + H20
1. Hydrogen bonding 2. It releases the water ligand h20 so moisture is released. Then releases NO2 gas and O2, from the Mg(No3)2 remaining. Brown gas seen. and also test with the glowing splinter. 3. What de **** was that LOL. I think it has something to do w lattice energy. 4. The number of molecules of (aq) decreases in both eqI and eqII, but it decreases less in eqII. So entropy decreases less in eq II 5. K stab= [A]/ [C]^4 Divide [A] by 1000. so, is also divided by a 1000 since their stoichiometry is 1.1. [C]^4 is left as unknown and gained by using Kstab eq with Kstab value. 6. I said it was the same...I dont know why lol..something to do with both having no Cl atoms but almost same C chain length? 7. R-NH2 + H+ --> R-NH3+ R-NH3+ OH- ---> R-NH2 + H20
hello did anyone sit CIE chemistry paper 42 today?! how'd you guys find it, with the new format and all?
fingers crossed grade boundaries are low..
Oh my god this paper was really emotional. My entire class was looking for this thread since yesterday hahahah. It was pretty challenging, though still fairly manageable. If thresholds are average I might get an A overall but if they dip a lot like everyone hopes I should get an A*. Fingers crossed. There was a lot of Kstab, damn... and the synthesis wasn't as tough as usual... or was it just me??
1. Hydrogen bonding 2. It releases the water ligand h20 so moisture is released. Then releases NO2 gas and O2, from the Mg(No3)2 remaining. Brown gas seen. and also test with the glowing splinter. 3. What de **** was that LOL. I think it has something to do w lattice energy. 4. The number of molecules of (aq) decreases in both eqI and eqII, but it decreases less in eqII. So entropy decreases less in eq II 5. K stab= [A]/ [C]^4 Divide [A] by 1000. so, is also divided by a 1000 since their stoichiometry is 1.1. [C]^4 is left as unknown and gained by using Kstab eq with Kstab value. 6. I said it was the same...I dont know why lol..something to do with both having no Cl atoms but almost same C chain length? 7. R-NH2 + H+ --> R-NH3+ R-NH3+ OH- ---> R-NH2 + H20
6. The acidity changes due to distance of Cl from the COOH group. When it is closer (as in CH3CH2CH2ClCOOH (was that it??) it can better delocalise the lone pair on O, thus stabilising the conjugate base. However compared to CH3CH2ClCH2COOH the Cl is further away thus it delocalises lone pair less and thus CH3CH2CH2ClCOOH is more acidic.
6. The acidity changes due to distance of Cl from the COOH group. When it is closer (as in CH3CH2CH2ClCOOH (was that it??) it can better delocalise the lone pair on O, thus stabilising the conjugate base. However compared to CH3CH2ClCH2COOH the Cl is further away thus it delocalises lone pair less and thus CH3CH2CH2ClCOOH is more acidic.
What is the unit of Kp in that question? I wrote atm^2
1. What was the interaction between NO3- and H2O? 2. What happens to the hydrated salt when heated gently, then more strongly? 3. What happens to the enthalpy change when HCl is changed to HNO3 and why? 4. Why does entropy increase in equilibrium II? 5. What concentration of the CH3NH2 was needed to drop the concentration of Cd2+ to a factor of a thousand? 6. Did anyone say CH3CH2COOH is more acidic than CH3COOH (or less acidic, I forgot) or did people just say they had the same acidity? 7. Equations for an alkaline buffer?
What did you answer for these? Anyone got any other hard questions?
My answer for 3 was that the N-H bond energy (410kjmol-1) > H-Cl bond energy (380 or something?), so more energy was required to separate H from N, so the reaction with HNO3 would be more endothermic. not entirely sure though, it was what i could come up with on the spot.
My answer for 3 was that the N-H bond energy (410kjmol-1) > H-Cl bond energy (380 or something?), so more energy was required to separate H from N, so the reaction with HNO3 would be more endothermic. not entirely sure though, it was what i could come up with on the spot.
1. What was the interaction between NO3- and H2O? 2. What happens to the hydrated salt when heated gently, then more strongly? 3. What happens to the enthalpy change when HCl is changed to HNO3 and why? 4. Why does entropy increase in equilibrium II? 5. What concentration of the CH3NH2 was needed to drop the concentration of Cd2+ to a factor of a thousand? 6. Did anyone say CH3CH2COOH is more acidic than CH3COOH (or less acidic, I forgot) or did people just say they had the same acidity? 7. Equations for an alkaline buffer?
What did you answer for these? Anyone got any other hard questions?
This is what i put...
1. Hydrogen bonds 2. Water vapour comes off then brown gas 3. I said more exothermic.. but not sure was a guess tbh 4. I said cos gibbs energy was more negative... but also was a guess 5. I got 2.3 x 10-2... which i am also sure is wrong 6. nope ethanoic is more acidic 7. CH3NH2 + H+ --> CH3NH3+ CH3NH3+ + OH- ---> CH3NH2 + H2O
6. The acidity changes due to distance of Cl from the COOH group. When it is closer (as in CH3CH2CH2ClCOOH (was that it??) it can better delocalise the lone pair on O, thus stabilising the conjugate base. However compared to CH3CH2ClCH2COOH the Cl is further away thus it delocalises lone pair less and thus CH3CH2CH2ClCOOH is more acidic.
but for the 1st 2 compounds, they both did not contain Cl atoms, i think one was ethanoic acid and the other propanoic
but for the 1st 2 compounds, they both did not contain Cl atoms, i think one was ethanoic acid and the other propanoic
One of the three had no chlorine; the other two were 2) CH3CHCl-R-CO2H and 3) CH3-R-CHClCO2H. Exact position of chlorine was probably different to what I said but essentially the smaller distance of the chlorine from the oxygen weakened the strength of the O-H bond making the 3rd one more acidic.