The full question:
(a) Calculate the amount (in mol) of barium sulfate formed. [2]
(b) Determine the amount (in mol) of the alkali metal sulfate present. [1]
(c) Determine the molar mass of the alkali metal sulfate and state its units. [2]
(d) Deduce the identity of the alkali metal, showing your working. [2]
(e) Write an equation for the precipitation reaction, including state symbols. [2]
X is an alkali metal (Period 1)
(SO4)2- is an anion with charge -2
thus the balanced compound is X2SO4
2X + (SO4)2- --> X2SO4
mass of X2SO4 = 0.502 g
a) moles of BaSO4?
Precipitate Mass = 0.672 g
M = 233.4 g mol-1
n = 0.00288 mol
b) X2SO4 + BaCL2 --> BaSO4 + 2 XCL
n(X2SO4)=n(BaSO4)
n=0.00288 mol
c) Molar mass of X2SO4?
m/n = M
0.502 g/0.00288 mol = 174.3 g/mol
d) 2 M(X) + 1 M(S) + 4 M(O) = 174.3 g/mol
2 M(X) = 78.3 g/mol
M(X) = 39.15 g/mol
the alkali metal is Potassium/ K (M=39.10 g/mol)
e) K2SO4 (aq) + BaCl2 (aq) --> BaSO4 (s) + 2 KCl (aq)