The British and US limits on drinking alcohol do not stop teenagers from consuming alcohol, we like in an above-18 society where many people are drinking underage. This shows that it isn't working. Instead I think it makes underage drinking cool and so makes us more likely to do it. It is called teenage rebellion and there is nothing that the adults can't stop about it if they make it look glamorous. The amount of adverts on the television, I mean seeing Clooney flog off Martini or those funny Strongbow adverts appeals to a teenage audience as something which is cool. We are bombarded with adverts, telling us the pros of drinking alcohol, and when it is forbidden? We would drink it anyway.
However, while these adverts are making underage drinking more attractive, if you would take them away you would still probably find the same surveys and statistics. Even though they put on strict limits in '89 by the European Council, I still grew up watching adverts for alco-pops in the '90s. Advertising weaves through generally and even now, when we have a complete blanket ban on tobacco advertising, 10% of the UK's teenagers smoke regularly and it has been that way when smoking was advertised. Alcohol comsumption is attractive to us for much wider reasons than advertising, and the only way to regulate this is to reduce the age limit.
In Italy, Spain and France the limit is lower, around 16. A culture of having wine at the table from a young age encourages a responsible approach where alcohol is not consumed for its own sake or to excess. With higher alcohol age limits, young people in the UK and US find it harder to get alcohol and so binge-drink when they do. I know the harms and risks of alcohol abuse, but the laws and legislation in effect today creates a damaging attitude towards alcohol which continues into our later lives. I recognise that what is happening today ruins lives but I don't think it is because of alcohol, it is our lack of respect towards alcohol which is the problem.
On the issue of health, Surprisingly to some, studies have shown that limited alcohol comsumption (a couple of glasses of red wine per week) actually has better health benifits. However this message and the health benifits are lost in the binge-drinking culture. France and oher european countries have shown us that lowering the age limit would be an important step in changing drinking habits and would have long-term health benefits for us.
As we are unable to drink legally in pubs or bars, but are old enough to want to socialise on an evening, we are forced to do it secretly on streets and in parks. This often creates a nuisance to the people around us, it's a bit intimidating seeing a group of drunks walk past by the street. It also makes it more likely that younger people would be exposed to alcohol a bit earlier than what would be right. It is often one of the causes of teenage crime, vandalism and violence.
No offence, but I believe that those who are blanketly against underage drinking have a very romanticised view that restricting alcohol would mean less people taking it. Studies have shown, and my experience has shown that most people in the UK have consumed alcohol in the UK before they reach their 18th birthday, so clearly these laws aren't working. If you want another example there is evidence from the US which suggests that increasing the alcohol age limit has no real impact on college students' alcohol drinking. I've found, while roaming around that at Arizona State University in the late 1980s during the time Arizona increased its minimum age from 19 to 21 showed that only 6% of students reduced their alcohol intake. Perhaps more worryingly 22% of students reported that they intended to take more soft drugs as they would be easier to hide in a college dorm than bottles of alcohol. When laws are ignored like this it undermines our legal systems, it should reflect the reality of our drinking patterns and have a lower mininum wage.
I think that fundamentally, this is an issue of freedom of choice. Legally, our parents accept that we are old enough to make rational decisions about a lot of things. From having sex to fighting for our country. They also allow us to harm ourselves if we choose to, by gambling (once, even smoking). If we are thought rational for us to make these choices at 16 and above there is no reason to deny us the right to choose whether we should drink alcohol or not.
It is also interesting to note that some of the politicians advocating this approach, some are the ones pictured taking drugs or drinking in their youth. And I absolutely concur with L I B 's and ToryDan's previous posts above.