1. serial monogamy- I wrote something along the lines of "when people have a series of relationships which are each loyal to that person" (I hadn't learnt this but it seems like common sense)
2. domestic abuse is an example of women's exploitation in the home- Dobash and Dobash (domestic violence is caused by women challenging men's authority) and Ansara and Hindin (women suffer more domestic violence than men and it has more severe psychological consequences)
3. three reasons for women having children later-
A- impact of paid work, the roles have been broken down and women are no longer just the expressive role- they may go to work and focus on their career first and have children later
B- introduction of effective contraception- allows intimacy without reproduction- people can plan when they have kids more and often opt to have them later
C- later age of marriage- due to it being dis-embedded from the economic system, individualisation thesis, changing norms
4. two policies affecting the experience of childhood
A- laws preventing children from working before the age of 16- thus seen as needing protection, creates golden age of childhood- I compared this to in the middle ages where children were simply "mini adults"- Aries found painting depicted them like this
B- laws against child abuse- children seen as vulnerable and needing protection, child centred family, different views to in the middle ages where children were called "it" (Shorter)
5. evaluating the Marxist contributions of theories of the family
- society is based on division between capitalist and working class
-Marxists see the family as perpetuating this in three ways- as a unit of consumption, for the inheritance of property and for ideological functions
- family is a safe haven (Eli Zaretsky) and men can take their anger out and then return to work to continue serving capitalism
-Fran Ansley- women are the takers of ****- absorb men's anger in the home
- contradicted by the functionalist argument
-functionalists argue that Marxists ignore the benefits of the family for its members and for society
-.e.g. Murdock- 4 functions- socialisation, economic needs, reproduction and stabilisation of sex drive
- Marxists also criticised by feminists- who say Marxists focus too much on class inequalities, and forget about gender inequalities
-conclusion- all structural theories are criticised by the personal life perspective
-Nordqvist and Smart- emphasise the importance of bottom up approaches, criticise Marxist approach because it is a top down approach
RESEARCH METHODS
1. two ethical issues (4 marks)
-Harm to ppts- may affect what type of method they use
-deception- Milgram- they thought they had actually killed someone- may need debriefing, also affects the type of method they use
2. 16 marker about the use of official stats
+representative
-criticised by interpretivists such as Cicourel for lacking depth
+ free, easy to access, useful as a preliminary tool
- may not be relevant as collected for government purposes
+ objective, liked by Durkhiem- comparison of suicide between Protestants and Catholics
+ can make comparisons and see differences or trends across time
- cannot actually make comparisons because the government manipulate definitions- e,g. the definition of unemployment has changed 30 times, so can't actually make comparisons