Original post by djmLanternConnotates is not a word. You're looking for 'connotes'.
Here's an essay I wrote on social responsibility three years ago - so I can't tell you whether it's amazing or not, but should say I did ultimately get a grade 9 and am planning on doing English at uni!
The importance of social responsibility is a message that is pivotal to the play and the message Priestley aimed to present to the audience. He uses characters as devices to present the different attitudes towards social responsibility and to position the audience to associate the negative connotations of social irresponsibility, which is demonstrated through Birling’s attitude and Eva’s death, with capitalism itself, and juxtaposes these negative traits with characters such as Sheila, to inspire the audience to seek change within themselves and view the importance of social responsibility.
The importance of social responsibility is conveyed through the contrast of Birling’s character and social responsibility; Priestley presents him as pompous and socially irresponsible, describing him with negative connotations in the stage directions, positioning the audience to associate these negative emotions with capitalism, which Priestley views threatens a healthy society. Arthur Birling is presented in the stage directions as “rather provincial in his speech”, implying that he worked his way to his wealth, which an Edwardian audience would’ve found to be respectable. However, Birling is the antithesis of social responsibility and condemns socialist ideals, “as if we were all mixed up together, like bees in a hive - community and all that nonsense”. The capitalist versus socialist message throughout the play can be viewed here, with the use of harsh and insensitive language presenting him as crude, and the simile “like bees in a hive” implying social responsibility is primitive, something expected of animals. The phrase “as is” develops his view on social responsibility and makes his disagreement clear to the audience, demonstrating how he views it as prespostuous. When presented with consequences he refuses any acceptance of blame and in turn insults Eva, “it has nothing to do with that wretched’s girl suicide” elucidating his lack of compassion through rude and insultive language, with Priestley implying that this interpretation of social responsibility is self-serving and cannot benefit society. Furthermore, the modal verb ‘can’t’ when Birling states that he “can’t accept responsibility” further develops his rejection of blame, implying it goes against his nature. Priestley positions the audience to associate the immoral and negative connotations linked to Birling’s character, with capitalism furthering his message of social responsibility which Priestley believes necessary for a healthy society.
The graphic description of Eva’s death and the ambiguity surrounding it at the end of the play expresses the urgency of the importance of social responsibility, and it challenges Priestley’s audience to consider when responsibility should be accepted. The audience first hears of Sheila through the Inspector and his arrival, he informs the Birlings that a “young woman” had “died in the infirmary” and proceeds to detail the events of her death, “swallowed disinfectant, burned her inside out”. The graphic imagery and overly explicit way that the Inspector informs the family of her death demonstrates Priestley’s anger.
Eva is a voiceless character, linking to the lack of power she holds. Her message is told through the Inspector, as Priestley’s message of social responsibility is told through the Inspector. She is described as ‘pretty’ which is a direct link to Sheila’s character. Priestley critiques society and conveys how he views it unfair that because Eva was working class she was vulnerable and not protected, unlike Sheila. Eva Smith is a generalisation, the Jane Doe, of the working class and their experiences. She is the manifestation of the family’s wrongdoings and symbolic of the widespread mistreatment of the working class by those in privileged positions. Eric shows acceptance of this when he says that “we all helped kill her” portraying his growth and the viewpoint that society as a whole is responsible for her mistreatment.
The Inspector is used by Priestley as a device to influence the audience to view socialism in a positive light; acting as an omniscient messenger portraying and catalysing the change the Birlings need to enforce in order to demonstrate the social responsibility Priestley deems necessary for an improved society. The Inspector is shown to teach socialism and the acceptance of responsibility when he talks about “we have to share something, and if there’s nothing, we have to share our guilt”. The urgency of “have to” demonstrates the necessity of the acceptance of sharing of responsibility, which he argues can bring communities together. The longing for “share” and reference to “guilt” may allude to the World Wars, suggesting responsibility will allow the country to recover. This may have held some extra weight for an Edwardian audience, due to the end of World War II being recent to when the play was published, 1945, therefore possibly impacting them more than how a contemporary audience might react to references to war, who have arguably been desensitised to such imagery. The Inspector acts as Priestley’s mouthpiece, he represents the values of socialism and shows the importance of universal responsibility. Furthermore, his use of Biblical references, “fire and blood and anguish” lends further weight to his argument and gives the Inspector a sense of divination, perhaps giving the audience a higher likelihood to internalise his message.
Priestley presents social responsibility in An Inspector Calls as essential to a healthy and fair society, where those who have power and wealth should help those who have none. Some might interpret the play as the embodiment of his argument on social responsibility, using the urgency and finality of death to captivate the audience and allow its message to fully reach them. However, some may criticise his message on the importance of social responsibility due to some perceiving it as one sided, one dimensional and biased.