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AQA BIOL2 Biology Unit 2 Exam - 26th May 2011

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Original post by awais590
Heirachy is just 'a group within groups', it represents the classification groups of 'Kingdom, Phylum, Class etc'.

'A big group containing smaller groups'

Hope that made sense? :confused: :tongue:


1 mark, with no overlap = 2nd mark
Original post by LifeIsGood
1 mark, with no overlap = 2nd mark


Ah, thank you :smile:
Can somebody please help me and answer this?

"Explain how the venous return of the blood to the heart is maintained?" (5 marks)

Thanks :smile:
Reply 343
Can someone help me with this?

Explain why the oxygen dissociation curve is Sigma shaped (s-shaped) 2 Marks
Original post by Nuss
Can someone help me with this?

Explain why the oxygen dissociation curve is Sigma shaped (s-shaped) 2 Marks


It's in the CGP guide but what I remember roughly was that as haemoglobin becomes saturated, it's not able to bind more easily than when it was unsaturated producing a sigma shape. That's the idea of how I remember it but it is definitley in the CGP guide.
Original post by STARMissyB
Can somebody please help me and answer this?

"Explain how the venous return of the blood to the heart is maintained?" (5 marks)

Thanks :smile:


I've never seen a question along those lines unless you're talking about tissue fluid?
Original post by STARMissyB
Can somebody please help me and answer this?

"Explain how the venous return of the blood to the heart is maintained?" (5 marks)

Thanks :smile:


veins are flattened due to muscle contractions, giving pressure in the veins
veins have valves to prevent backflow

Don't know where five marks come from....
What is a tissue?

We've been taught that it's and aggregation of similar cells grouped together to carry out one specific task.

But the mark scheme says that they are of "common origin"

So is the definition we've been taught still correct?

Also what does it mean by switching on genes?
Apparently when cells differentiate their genes are "switched on"???
(edited 12 years ago)
Original post by Insanity514
What is a tissue?

We've been taught that it's and aggregation of similar cells grouped together to carry out one specific task.

But the mark scheme says that they are of "common origin"

So is the definition we've been taught still correct?

Also what does it mean by switching on genes?
Apparently when cells differentiate their genes are "switched on"???


Yes you are correct. The mark scheme varies every year, but the answers remain the same, and the examiners will acknowledge this.
Reply 349
when talking aout genes, what does it mean when it refers to the 'locus'?

any help appreciated, thanks!
Original post by therapist_1
Antibiotics will kill bacteria. Bacteria is sometimes the site of which viruses can be taken in and modified to form new strands of viruses or reproduce the orignal virus. (I can't explain the theory as it is 'suggest'). Therefore in killing these bacteria would avoid production of viruses hence treating the viral disease. This is little from HSW from NT text book and most from my mind and not entirely sure..:frown:

There are many types of haemoglobin (Hb), this depends on on the DNA that has coded for it. Each Hb organism contains Hb best suited to the environment they live in and can only have that one structure of Hb through out all the RBC.
Example: People in high altitude have Hb with higher affinity for oxygen than people living in lower altitude, due to lack of abundant oxygen.

-In the other hand that single type of Hb can change its shape slightly in response to CO2 levels. (will not go through the process).

Hope you understand now.:wink:

Thank you for your response, but I'm still a little confused. Also, what is RBC? :colondollar:

ChessMister
Are you sure the question is not, suggest why antibiotics cannot be used to treat viral diseases?

I thought there had been a mistake too, but that's definitely what the question says! :tongue:
Original post by ryan02
when talking aout genes, what does it mean when it refers to the 'locus'?

any help appreciated, thanks!


The location of the gene on the chromosome.
Reply 352
Original post by STARMissyB
Can somebody please help me and answer this?

"Explain how the venous return of the blood to the heart is maintained?" (5 marks)

Thanks :smile:


I'm thinking:
-valves
-muscle tissue
-which can contract
not sure about the other 2 marks :/ maybe elastic tissue, recoiling and stuff. or...gravity? :P
Original post by ryan02
when talking aout genes, what does it mean when it refers to the 'locus'?

any help appreciated, thanks!


Position of a gene on a DNA/Chromosome molecule
Original post by Introverted moron
Thank you for your response, but I'm still a little confused. Also, what is RBC? :colondollar:


I thought there had been a mistake too, but that's definitely what the question says! :tongue:


Red Blood Cells :]
how do people feel about dna replication it seems confusing,
also does anyone know where the answers to the may 16th biology unit 1 paper are so i know roughly what i am on atm
Original post by Insanity514
What is a tissue?

We've been taught that it's and aggregation of similar cells grouped together to carry out one specific task.

But the mark scheme says that they are of "common origin"

So is the definition we've been taught still correct?

Also what does it mean by switching on genes?
Apparently when cells differentiate their genes are "switched on"???

When cells differentiate they are specialising in a particular function to help carry out its role, so they can switch certain genes off, for example a muscle cell does not need the gene for eye colour so it switches that gene off etc. Hope that helps
Original post by James A
unlucky you, i got maths in the morning and biol2 in the afternoon, but your timetable is deadly, what subjects you doing ??


RS, Biology, Psychology and Maths is over now woo. You?
I know, it makes me wanna die. But I'm not really helping myself by sitting here doing nothing...
Original post by Master.K
I got...Chem1 tomorrow, then day off, then general studies paper teehee), then on thurs afternoon biol2 and then friday I got economics unit 2 and chemistry unit 2! And it's my leavers day! :frown:


Leavers day?! What year are you in?
Aha, I'm so glad I don't do chemistry!!
Reply 359
Original post by STARMissyB
Can somebody please help me and answer this?

"Explain how the venous return of the blood to the heart is maintained?" (5 marks)

Thanks :smile:


The venous return is part of the As-level PE syllabus, not so much in As-level biology;
The mechanisms are:
Skeletal muscle pump: Working muscles push on near by veins, when the contract, forcing blood back to heart.
Respiratory Pump: a change in pressure causes the thoratic cavity to expand, pushing on nearby veins, (similar to the muscle pump).
Valves: prevent back flow.
Smooth muscles in veins: constrict, squeezing blood to heart.

All this happens in the veins.
Hope i could help :biggrin:

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