For the increased price to consumers imposed by a monopoly question: The quantity drops from V to W and price increases from R to S. The consumers save VW times the original price (so WYUV on the diagram) but spend an extra W times the new price (so RSTY on the diagram). Therefore the correct answer was D: RSTY minus WYUV.
As for the last question, the answer was D: equitable distribution of income is a value judgement.