First of all, I have got to dispel the myth that it is too late to apply to do a PhD starting in this September: it isn't at all, but you will have most likely missed all funding body deadlines.
It's not impossible for you to do a PhD with a 2:2 at undergrad and low marks in your MSc, but it's going to take work for you to find someone who will take you on. The problem is that PhD student successes and failures reflect on the ability of the supervisor(s). A high pass rate is a fantastic thing for any academic, but if students start failing their PhD, it calls into question the judgement of the academic, e.g. why did they take on PhD students who weren't suited to academic study, why didn't they spot the warning signs at an early stage, why didn't they persuade their student to 'drop down' to a 'lesser' postgrad qualification like an MPhil (and trust me some universities play exactly this game). It's likely that this is the reason why you have been rejected thus far. Your grades are far from ideal and you don't have any or enough relevant experience in industry to be able to show that you would be able to pass the PhD. Essentially there are two criteria when assessing whether to take someone on for a PhD: are they capable enough to do this qualification and is their project original enough and thus able to earn the PhD? If the answer to either or both questions is no, then the academic is extremely unlikely to stick their neck out on the line and take you on as a student. So I'd definitely ask for feedback as to why they have rejected your applications to assess what the reason is. A bad project can be fixed rather easily with guidance, but a student with low grades is a much more difficult sell.
That said, I do know of one PhD student who was rejected twice from one university who had a low 2:1 in his undergraduate and got a merit in his Masters. His project was way, way too big as well, but after a year of applying, refining his project, and doing relevant research on the side (including attending conferences), he got onto a PhD and is on track to submit it in September of this year. So it is doable, but you're going to have to work for it. With regard to funding, you're right in that you're not that competitive for the main funding bodies, but have you read the Alternative Guide to Postgraduate Funding? This is a guide which contains 300 sources of funding for postgraduate study. Most are small charities and offer grants of a few hundred to a thousand pounds and they each require a separate application, but they're not well-utilised so easier to get and if you get lots of these grant awards, that'll look great going forward into a career in academia if that is what you so choose. Whatever you do though, do not self-fund a PhD. I have seen PhD students do that and they either end up with burn out through exhaustion at working all the time or end up doing a part-time PhD, increasing the time that they're not forging a career for themselves. It's also really, really not worth self-funding a PhD and if I had to do that during my own PhD, I wouldn't have done it at all.
In short, you're going to have to work hard and it's possible you may get onto a PhD programme, but equally I would advise you to have a back up plan in mind. PhDs are not the be all and end all and from my experience, you can end up questioning why you even did one.