It basically means make an argument. Giving strengths and weaknesses might be part of it, but having that in mind (I have seen this a lot over the past decade) can lead to A-Level type compare and contrast, which is no good at this level.
What is your overall argument, what are you trying to say or to demonstrate?
How does the paper support or challenge that?
What might an opponent have to say about these points/the data? Is there a rebuttal or reinterpretation that you can make?
How does it fit in with the wider state of the discipline?
These are things it can be useful to be thinking about. I'm not a scientist, so there might be some discipline-dependent stuff, too. But this is a start.