1.
You are REQUIRED to have a science degree to become qualified to practice as a patent attorney in the UK and the EU (many firms try to get you to qualify in both jurisdictions).
2.
Theoretically, any science degree would be considered valid. However, in terms of what degrees tend to get hired is another thing entirely. For the electronics and engineering patents, degrees such as physics, electrical & mechanical engineering tend to lead the pack. Increasingly computer science or some sort of AI degree and math are also highly valued. For the life science, a PhD tends to be preferred and the degrees tend to be chemistry, biochemistry, etc. Though in theory a pharmacy or marine biology would be able to qualify as a patent attorney, I have personally never seen someone with that background.