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o Use specific heat capacity and specific latent heat equations, including a change of subject. So specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperture 1kg of a material by 1c. Energy transferred= mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature. Mass = energy divided by (specific heat capacity times change in temperature) and to find shc or temperature you just rearange the formula. Energy is always the biggest value, so you always divide the energy the other non-subjects. |
o Describe how energy is transferred by conduction, convection and radiation. |
o Explain energy loss in a cavity wall and what measures can be taken to minimise it. |
o Use the wave equation, including a change of subject and use of standard form. |
o Explain the advantages and disadvantages of different communication systems. |
o Describe why morse code is a digital signal. |
o Describe applications of Total Internal Reflection in fibre optics. |
o Explain why lasers produce an intense, coherent beam of light. |
o Explain how a laser beam is used in a CD player. |
o Explain how microwaves and infrared transfer energy to materials. A microwave oven uses microwaves to transfer energy to the food. Microwave radiation is absorbed by water particles in the food , both on the surface and up to about 1 cm deep into the food. These particles gain more kinetic energy and the rest of the food (inner layers) is heated by conduction. A normal oven uses infra-red radiation to heat food. The outer layer particles of the food are heated and gain more kinetic energy, the outer layer particles transfer energy to the inner layer particles by conduction. Infrared radiation has a higher frequency than microwaves. It can transfer enough energy to break chemical bonds. Microwaves cannot and this is why food burns when you overheat it. |
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