You haven't "ruined" your chances, no. They've taken a little knock, perhaps, but that's it. If you'd been doing three A levels and one had been Design, things might have been different, because it's on their list of
common "non-preferred" subjects.
However, they say on the same page that "We consider traditional academic subjects to be the best preparation for studying at LSE. We expect applicants to offer
at least two full A-levels or IBDP Higher Levels
in these subjects (although
typically, applicants will apply with three or four)".
Their list of "traditional academic subjects" is on the same page and includes, as you might expect, Maths, Further Maths, and Economics. So you meet the "at least two full A-levels ... in these subjects" criteria, and actually take three.
Some other applicants will be taking four. But they may not have as impressive a GCSE profile as you, or may not have A*A*A*A* predicted, or may not have as impressive a personal statement or reference. So you're still in which a chance.
(You presumably know that for BSc Economics at LSE they have 15 applications per place, and for both BSc Mathematics
and Economics and BSc Mathematics
with Economics they have 9 applicants per place.)